High Speed Steel
Lathe tools, planer tools, milling cutter, Cutter blades, Boring tools, Twist Drills Milling Knives, Reamers Taps, Metal cutting saws, Thread cutting tools, Screw cutting tools, File Cutter’s chisels Slottrer Drills, Hobs.
A top quality steel which offers greater hardness and suitable for cutting at high speed and good wear off resistance.

HOW WORK TOOL STEEL
9% Tungsten Hot Work Steel
Pressure casting moulds, cores, dies for non ferrous products tools for crews products hot extrusion dies lower dies for valve cone products for pressing dies; hot shear blades and trimmer dies for upsetting tools used in bolt, rivet nut and pin manufacturing for heading punches swaging dies.
It is suitable for oil and air hardening and it offers high hardness retention. It provides good resistance to hot wear and heat checking.

5% Chromium Hot  Work Steel.
Extrusion dies Gripper dies Rams, Drop forging dies, Pressure casting moulds for light alloys, Metal truck pressure tools High stressed internal boxes Little tube pressing mandrels for water cooling, die casting tools punches.
It has very good high temperature characteristics and excellent toughness combined with resistivity to heat checking.

NON –SHRINKING DIE STEEL
High Carbon High Chromium Die Steel
Thread rolling dies Hobs, Cold extrusion tools and dies punches draw plates and dies cutters measuring tools, Pressure casting moulds Blanking Reamer Finishing rolls for tyre mills
This type of steel has high dimensional stability with added wear resistance coupled with excellent edge holding qualities.

Oil Hardening Non Shrinking Die Steel
Blanking and stamping dies punches rotary shear blades thread cutting tools milling cutters reamers measuring tools gauging tools wood working tools broaches chasers.
An ideal type oil hardened steel which is economical and dependable for gauging cutting and blanking tools as well can be relied for hardness and good cutting performances.

PNEUMATIC STEEL
Hot cutting dies and punches Hot trimming tools punching tools Blanking punches cold shear blades wood working tools Hobbing tools headers chisels caulking tools piercing mandrels beams fishplates  grates beading and flanging rolls. It is a popular type of steel known for its extreme toughness and fatigue resistance. It is also recommended for intricate tools.

SHOCK RESISTING STEEL
Coining tools e.g. mint and medallion dies. Dial plate and watch cases dies. High duty tools for jewellery grippers dies and punches for screws balls rivets wire nails.
Most eminently suited for meeting severe pressure impact and shock requiring a shallow hardening grade.

STAINLESS STEEL
Magnetic Stainless Steel.
Structural parts, Armatures, Building fittings, Air Craft rivets, Printing machine components, Cutlery, Surgical and dental instruments, Plastic and bakelite dies. Pump shafts, Spring components for hydraulic or steam work etc.
It has higher protection against corrosion.

Non Magnetic Stainless Steel
Equipments of food-stuff industry, Surgical instruments, Equipments for petroleum and chemical industries, Containers cooling equipments. It is suitably recommended for handling and processing acids and it is also non-rusting natured steel.

CARBON TOOL STEEL
Cutting and punching dies, Shear blades, Hollow and massive embossing dies, Milling cutters, Scrapers, Cutting tools, Twist drills, Reamers, Paper knives, Wood working tools, Thread cutting tools, Chisels, tube drawing plugs, Files, Letter and figure stamps.
It is general purpose tool steel with high surface hardness and core toughness which provides good resistance to wear, impact and shock.

CONSTRUCTIONAL STEELS
EN-8.   Crank shafts, automobile axle beams, connecting rods, Lightly stressed gears.
Generally used for moderately stressed parts of Motor Vehicles and general engineering works.

EN-9.   Crank shafts, Cylinders, Gears, Sprockets.
Mainly used in machine parts which required moderate wear resistance.

EN-19. Axie shafts, Crank shafts, Gears, Connecting rods, Studs, Bolts, Propeller shaft joint.
Suitable for heat treated parts where high tensile and impact are required along with high endurance    bending strength.   

EN-24. Aircraft and heavy vehicle crank shafts, Connecting rods, Gear shafts, Chain parts, Clutches, Propeller shafts, Cam shafts, Spindles Screws, Studs, Pinions, Tappets Boring bars. Preferred to be applied for heart treated components having large sections and subject to exacting requirements.          

EN-30. B Application similar to EN-24 Steel.
More suitable for extra ordinary high toughness purposes.

EN-31. Ball and Roller Bearings, Spinning tools. Beading Rolls, Punches and Dies.
By its character this type of steel has high resisting nature against wear and can be used for components which are subjected to severe abrasion, wear on high surface loading.

EN-36. Disc wheels, Grooved shafts, Cams, Gears, Heavy duty gears for air craft, Heavy vehicle and automobile transmission parts General engineering works / Universal joints.
Mainly used for highly stress, machine parts which are intended for cementation with high strength and core toughness.

SPRING STEEL
EN-45. Leaf and volute springs, Road and railway vehicle springs including helical and plate springs.
This steel is capable of taking up a good hardness and possesses an increased stability in tempering

EN-47. High duty volute and leaf springs. Heavy engine valve springs, Helical and torsional bar springs.
It has a high ratio of yield point to tensile strength and high torsional fatigue strength.        

CASE HARDENING STEEL
SAE      8620  Gears, Pinions, Lay shafts, Cam shafts, Mining haulage, Cage suspension, Lifting gears.
Generally used for parts where direct hardening is preferred.
It can also be used as an alternative to EN-35 and EN-36A Steels.

EREQUENT HEAT TREATING ERRORS
It happens time and again that heat treatment operations are carried out improperly, particularly in plants where they are not a routine necessity. The limited space provided by this booklet does not permit exhaustive dealing with the large number of possible heat treating errors and their consequences. Therefore, the following list to intended to cover the most frequent causes only.

UNSATISFACTORY ON NON-UNIFORM HARDNESS.
Too low a hardening temperature or uneven penetration of heat ; too high a hardening temperature or excessive holding time at temperature; decarburization ;soft skin ; due to steam bubbles produced in quenching ; workpiece not agitated enough in quenching bath ;loss of heat in metal because of great distance from furnace to quenching bath (specially with light sections)   
improper handling to tongs, e.g. in such a way that portions to be hardened are covered by mouth of tongs ; unsuitable quenching agent or too high a bath temperature ; untimely interruption of quenching ;surface contact of pieces in the quenching bath ; excessive tempering ; confusion of steel grades.  

HARDENING CRACKS
Overheating or very Irregular distribution of heat ;defective quenching position ;incorrect covering practice in furnace ;too drastic a quenching agent ; charging of cold material into very hot furnaces or baths.

HARDENING DISTORTION
Extreme variation in cross section ;uneven or too rapid heating, overheating ;incorrect covering practice when heating ; incorrect quenching position and faulty agitation in bath ;no stress relieving anneal prior to hardening operation.